Medical Sciences

您所在的位置：网站首页 › journal of medical science影响因子 › Medical Sciences

Medical Sciences

2024-07-14 07:50| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

Journals Active Journals Find a Journal Proceedings Series Topics Information For Authors For Reviewers For Editors For Librarians For Publishers For Societies For Conference Organizers Open Access Policy Institutional Open Access Program Special Issues Guidelines Editorial Process Research and Publication Ethics Article Processing Charges Awards Testimonials Author Services Initiatives Sciforum MDPI Books Preprints.org Scilit SciProfiles Encyclopedia JAMS Proceedings Series About Overview Contact Careers News Press Blog Sign In / Sign Up Notice clear Notice

You are accessing a machine-readable page. In order to be human-readable, please install an RSS reader.

Continue Cancel clear

All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.

Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications.

Feature papers are submitted upon individual invitation or recommendation by the scientific editors and must receive positive feedback from the reviewers.

Editor’s Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal.

Original Submission Date Received: .

Journals Medical Sciences

Efficacy of Sorafenib-Based Therapies for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Survival Analysis of Male Patients with Brain Metastases at Initial Breast Cancer Diagnosis over the Last Decade

Automated Single Sperm Selection for ICSI Journal Description Medical Sciences Medical Sciences is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal, providing a platform for advances in basic, translational and clinical research, published quarterly online by MDPI. Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions. High Visibility: indexed within ESCI (Web of Science), PubMed, PMC, MEDLINE, CAPlus / SciFinder, and other databases. Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 25.6 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 5.1 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the first half of 2024). Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done. Sections: published in 12 topical sections. subject Imprint Information get_app Journal Flyer Open Access ISSN: 2076-3271 Latest Articles 17 pages, 1195 KiB Open AccessReview Conservative Treatment in Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head: A Systematic Review by Evgeniy Nikolaevich Goncharov, Oleg Aleksandrovich Koval, Eduard Nikolaevich Bezuglov, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Vetoshkin, Nikolay Gavriilovich Goncharov, Manuel De Jesus Encarnación Ramirez and Nicola Montemurro Med. Sci. 2024, 12(3), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12030032 - 2 Jul 2024 Abstract Introduction: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a pressing orthopedic issue, leading to bone tissue death due to disrupted blood supply and affecting the quality of life of individuals significantly. This review focuses on conservative treatments, evaluating their efficacy as mainstay [...] Read more. Introduction: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a pressing orthopedic issue, leading to bone tissue death due to disrupted blood supply and affecting the quality of life of individuals significantly. This review focuses on conservative treatments, evaluating their efficacy as mainstay therapies. Enhanced understanding of AVN’s pathophysiology and advancements in diagnostic tools have rekindled interest in non-surgical interventions, emphasizing personalized, multidisciplinary approaches for improved outcomes. Material and Method: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar databases from January 2020 to August 2023, with the objective of focusing on conservative treatments for AVN of the femoral head. Eligible studies, including original research, case reports, and observational studies, were examined for relevant, well-documented patient outcomes post-conservative treatments, excluding non-English and surgically focused articles without comparative conservative data. Results: A systematic search yielded 376 records on AVN of the femoral head across multiple databases. After de-duplication and rigorous screening for relevance and quality, 11 full-text articles were ultimately included for a comprehensive qualitative synthesis, focusing on conservatively managing the condition. Conclusions: This review evaluates the effectiveness of conservative treatments such as pharmacological interventions and physical modalities in managing AVN of the femoral head. Despite promising results in symptom alleviation and disease progression delay, variability in outcomes and methodological limitations in studies necessitate further rigorous, randomized controlled trials for a robust, patient-centric approach to optimize therapeutic outcomes in AVN management. Full article ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 2169 KiB Open AccessArticle Interleukin-6 as a Director of Immunological Events and Tissue Regenerative Capacity in Hemodialyzed Diabetes Patients by Maria-Florina Trandafir, Octavian Savu, Daniela Pasarica, Coralia Bleotu and Mihaela Gheorghiu Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020031 - 15 Jun 2024 Abstract Hemodialyzed patients have innate immunity activation and adaptive immunity senescence. Diabetes mellitus is a frequent cause for chronic kidney disease and systemic inflammation. We studied the immunological pattern (innate and acquired immunity) and the tissular regeneration capacity in two groups of hemodialyzed patients: [...] Read more. Hemodialyzed patients have innate immunity activation and adaptive immunity senescence. Diabetes mellitus is a frequent cause for chronic kidney disease and systemic inflammation. We studied the immunological pattern (innate and acquired immunity) and the tissular regeneration capacity in two groups of hemodialyzed patients: one comprised of diabetics and the other of non-diabetics. For inflammation, the following serum markers were determined: interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumoral necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-6 soluble receptor (sIL-6R), NGAL (human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), and interleukin 10 (IL-10). Serum tumoral necrosis factor β (TNF-β) was determined as a cellular immune response marker. Tissue regeneration capacity was studied using neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and vascular endothelial growth factor β (VEGF-β) serum levels. The results showed important IL-6 and sIL-6R increases in both groups, especially in the diabetic patient group. IL-6 generates trans-signaling at the cellular level through sIL-6R, with proinflammatory and anti-regenerative effects, confirmed through a significant reduction in NT-3 and VEGF-β. Our results suggest that the high serum level of IL-6 significantly influences IL-1β, TNF-β, NT-3, VEGF-β, and IL-10 behavior. Our study is the first that we know of that investigates NT-3 in this patient category. Moreover, we investigated VEGF-β and TNF-β serum behavior, whereas most of the existing data cover only VEGF-α and TNF-α in hemodialyzed patients. Full article ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

attachment Supplementary material: Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 122 KiB) 13 pages, 887 KiB Open AccessArticle Risk Scoring System to Predict Mortality in Gastric Cancer with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis by Marina Alessandra Pereira, Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos, Amir Zeide Charruf, André Roncon Dias and Ulysses Ribeiro, Jr. Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020030 - 9 Jun 2024 Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) has a particularly unfavorable prognosis. This limited survival raises doubts about which factors confer an extremely worse outcome and which patients could benefit from more aggressive treatments, in an attempt to improve survival and better control [...] Read more. Gastric cancer (GC) with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) has a particularly unfavorable prognosis. This limited survival raises doubts about which factors confer an extremely worse outcome and which patients could benefit from more aggressive treatments, in an attempt to improve survival and better control the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the survival outcomes of patients with PC due to GC and develop a prognostic score to predict 6-month mortality. We performed an analysis of clinical stage IV GC with PC. Scores were assigned to risk factors and calculated for each patient from nine variables. Among 326 IVB GC, 211 (64.7%) had PC and were included. After calculating the score, 136 (64.5%) GCs were classified as a low-risk group and 75 (35.5%) as a high-risk group. Median OS was 7.9 and 1.9 months for low- and high-risk patients (p < 0.001). In the high-risk group, 77.3% of the patients died in

Figure 1

25 pages, 2083 KiB Open AccessReview Could Insulin Be a Better Regulator of Appetite/Satiety Balance and Body Weight Maintenance in Response to Glucose Exposure Compared to Sucrose Substitutes? Unraveling Current Knowledge and Searching for More Appropriate Choices by Georgios Antasouras, Antonios Dakanalis, Maria Chrysafi, Sousana K. Papadopoulou, Ioulia Trifonidi, Maria Spanoudaki, Olga Alexatou, Agathi Pritsa, Aikaterini Louka and Constantinos Giaginis Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020029 - 6 Jun 2024 Abstract Background: Insulin exerts a crucial impact on glucose control, cellular growing, function, and metabolism. It is partially modulated by nutrients, especially as a response to the intake of foods, including carbohydrates. Moreover, insulin can exert an anorexigenic effect when inserted into the hypothalamus [...] Read more. Background: Insulin exerts a crucial impact on glucose control, cellular growing, function, and metabolism. It is partially modulated by nutrients, especially as a response to the intake of foods, including carbohydrates. Moreover, insulin can exert an anorexigenic effect when inserted into the hypothalamus of the brain, in which a complex network of an appetite/hunger control system occurs. The current literature review aims at thoroughly summarizing and scrutinizing whether insulin release in response to glucose exposure may be a better choice to control body weight gain and related diseases compared to the use of sucrose substitutes (SSs) in combination with a long-term, well-balanced diet. Methods: This is a comprehensive literature review, which was performed through searching in-depth for the most accurate scientific databases and applying effective and relevant keywords. Results: The insulin action can be inserted into the hypothalamic orexigenic/anorexigenic complex system, activating several anorexigenic peptides, increasing the hedonic aspect of food intake, and effectively controlling the human body weight. In contrast, SSs appear not to affect the orexigenic/anorexigenic complex system, resulting in more cases of uncontrolled body weight maintenance while also increasing the risk of developing related diseases. Conclusions: Most evidence, mainly derived from in vitro and in vivo animal studies, has reinforced the insulin anorexigenic action in the hypothalamus of the brain. Simultaneously, most available clinical studies showed that SSs during a well-balanced diet either maintain or even increase body weight, which may indirectly be ascribed to the fact that they cannot cover the hedonic aspect of food intake. However, there is a strong demand for long-term longitudinal surveys to effectively specify the impact of SSs on human metabolic health. Full article ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 1170 KiB Open AccessReview Prospects and Challenges in Developing mRNA Vaccines for Infectious Diseases and Oncogenic Viruses by Lakshmi Venkata Simhachalam Kutikuppala, Islam Kourampi, Ramya S. D. Kanagala, Priyadarshini Bhattacharjee and Sri Harsha Boppana Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020028 - 22 May 2024 Abstract mRNA vaccines have emerged as an optimistic technological platform for vaccine innovation in this new scientific era. mRNA vaccines have dramatically altered the domain of vaccinology by offering a versatile and rapid approach to combating infectious diseases and virus-induced cancers. Clinical trials have [...] Read more. mRNA vaccines have emerged as an optimistic technological platform for vaccine innovation in this new scientific era. mRNA vaccines have dramatically altered the domain of vaccinology by offering a versatile and rapid approach to combating infectious diseases and virus-induced cancers. Clinical trials have demonstrated efficacy rates of 94–95% in preventing COVID-19, and mRNA vaccines have been increasingly recognized as a powerful vaccine platform. Although mRNA vaccines have played an essential role in the COVID-19 pandemic, they still have several limitations; their instability and degradation affect their storage, delivery, and over-all efficiency. mRNA is typically enclosed in a transport mechanism to facilitate its entry into the target cell because it is an unstable and negatively charged molecule. For instance, mRNA that is given using lipid-nanoparticle-based vaccine delivery systems (LNPs) solely enters cells through endocytosis, establishing an endosome without damaging the cell membrane. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the development of mRNA vaccine platforms used to treat and prevent several infectious diseases. This technology has the potential to change the future course of the disease by providing a safe and effective way to combat infectious diseases and cancer. A single-stranded genetic sequence found in mRNA vaccines instructs host cells to produce proteins inside ribosomes to elicit immunological responses and prepare the immune system to fight infections or cancer cells. The potential applications of mRNA vaccine technology are vast and can lead to the development of a preferred vaccine pattern. As a result, a new generation of vaccinations has gradually gained popularity and access to the general population. To adapt the design of an antigen, and even combine sequences from different variations in response to new changes in the viral genome, mRNA vaccines may be used. Current mRNA vaccines provide adequate safety and protection, but the duration of that protection can only be determined if further clinical research is conducted. Full article ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

attachment Supplementary material: Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 165 KiB) 11 pages, 278 KiB Open AccessArticle Emotion Processing in Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: An Observational Study by Gianluca Isoardo, Mauro Adenzato, Stefano Ciullo, Elena Fontana, Ilaria Stura, Giuseppe Migliaretti, Paolo Titolo, Enrico Matteoni, Andrea Calvo, Federica Laino, Francesca Palumbo and Rita B. Ardito Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020027 - 17 May 2024 Abstract Background: In clinical practice, the implementation of tailored treatment is crucial for assessing the patient’s emotional processing profile. Here, we investigate all three levels of analysis characterizing emotion processing, i.e., recognition, representation, and regulation, in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP). Methods: Sixty-two [...] Read more. Background: In clinical practice, the implementation of tailored treatment is crucial for assessing the patient’s emotional processing profile. Here, we investigate all three levels of analysis characterizing emotion processing, i.e., recognition, representation, and regulation, in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP). Methods: Sixty-two patients and forty-eight healthy controls underwent quantitative sensory testing, i.e., psychophysical tests to assess somatosensory functions such as perception of cold (CDT), heat-induced pain (HPT), and vibration (VDT), as well as three standardized tasks to assess emotional processing: (1) the Ekman 60-Faces Test (EK-60F) to assess recognition of basic facial emotions, (2) the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RME) to assess the ability to represent the feelings of another person by observing their eyes, and (3) the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) to assess emotional dysregulation, i.e., alexithymia. Results: General Linear Model analysis revealed a significant relationship between left index finger VDT z-scores in PNP patients with alexithymia. The RME correlated with VDT z-scores of the left little finger and overall score for the EK-60F. Conclusions: In patients with PNP, emotion processing is impaired, which emphasizes the importance of assessing these abilities appropriately in these patients. In this way, clinicians can tailor treatment to the needs of individual patients. Full article (This article belongs to the Section Neurosciences) 11 pages, 2358 KiB Open AccessReview Humidification during Invasive and Non-Invasive Ventilation: A Starting Tool Kit for Correct Setting by Riccardo Re, Sergio Lassola, Silvia De Rosa and Giacomo Bellani Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020026 - 15 May 2024 Abstract The humidification process of medical gases plays a crucial role in both invasive and non-invasive ventilation, aiming to mitigate the complications arising from bronchial dryness. While passive humidification systems (HME) and active humidification systems are prevalent in routine clinical practice, there is a [...] Read more. The humidification process of medical gases plays a crucial role in both invasive and non-invasive ventilation, aiming to mitigate the complications arising from bronchial dryness. While passive humidification systems (HME) and active humidification systems are prevalent in routine clinical practice, there is a pressing need for further evaluation of their significance. Additionally, there is often an incomplete understanding of the operational mechanisms of these devices. The current review explores the historical evolution of gas conditioning in clinical practice, from early prototypes to contemporary active and passive humidification systems. It also discusses the physiological principles underlying humidity regulation and provides practical guidance for optimizing humidification parameters in both invasive and non-invasive ventilation modalities. The aim of this review is to elucidate the intricate interplay between temperature, humidity, and patient comfort, emphasizing the importance of individualized approaches to gas conditioning. Full article (This article belongs to the Section Critical Care Medicine) ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 1640 KiB Open AccessCase Report Double Hit of Hydroxichloroquine and Amiodarone Induced Renal Phospholipidosis in a Patient with Monoclonal Gammopathy and Sclerodermiform Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by José C. De la Flor, Pablo Rodríguez-Doyágüez, Daniel Villa, Rocío Zamora and Francisco Díaz Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020025 - 15 May 2024 Abstract Phospholipidosis is a rare disorder which consists of an excessive intracellular accumulation of phospholipids and the appearance of zebra bodies or lamellar bodies when looking at them using electron microscopy. This disease is associated with certain genetic diseases or is secondary to drugs [...] Read more. Phospholipidosis is a rare disorder which consists of an excessive intracellular accumulation of phospholipids and the appearance of zebra bodies or lamellar bodies when looking at them using electron microscopy. This disease is associated with certain genetic diseases or is secondary to drugs or toxins. Drug-induced phospholipidosis encompasses many types of pharmaceuticals, most notably chloroquine, amiodarone or ciprofloxacin. Clinically and histologically, renal involvement can be highly variable, with the diagnosis not being made until the zebra bodies are seen under an electron microscope. These findings may require genetic testing to discount Fabry disease, as its histological findings are indistinguishable. Most of the chemicals responsible are cationic amphiphilic drugs, and several mechanisms have been hypothesized for the formation of zebra bodies and their pathogenic significance. However, the relationship between drug toxicity and phospholipid accumulation, zebra bodies and organ dysfunction remains enigmatic, as do the renal consequences of drug withdrawal. We present, to our knowledge, the first case report of acute renal injury with a monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance, lesions, and sclerodermiform syndrome, with zebra bodies that were associated with the initiation of a hydroxychloroquine and amiodarone treatment, as an example of drug-induced-phospholipidosis. Full article (This article belongs to the Section Nephrology and Urology) ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 2505 KiB Open AccessCommunication Homocystein, Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid as Screening Biomarkers in Early Diagnosis and Gastric Cancer Monitoring by Fernanda Farias de Alcântara, Carla de Castro Sant’Anna, Diego Di Felipe Ávila Alcântara, Amanda de Nazaré Cohen-Paes, Paulo Cardoso Soares, Paulo Pimentel de Assumpção, Margareth Maria Braun Guimarães Imbiriba and Rommel Mario Rodriguez Burbano Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020024 - 6 May 2024 Abstract Gastric cancer has been demonstrating a reduction in the number of cases over the past decades, largely attributed to advancements in public health practices and increased accessibility to educational initiatives for the general population. Nevertheless, it persists as the third leading cause of [...] Read more. Gastric cancer has been demonstrating a reduction in the number of cases over the past decades, largely attributed to advancements in public health practices and increased accessibility to educational initiatives for the general population. Nevertheless, it persists as the third leading cause of mortality globally among both men and women. These fatalities are typically associated with delayed disease detection. The current study assessed the levels of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folic acid as a means of establishing a screening biomarker profile that could be integrated into routine testing protocols to facilitate swift diagnosis of the illness. A total of 207 control subjects and 207 individuals with gastric cancer were scrutinized, with biochemical measurements conducted using chemiluminescence for homocysteine, folic acid, and vitamin B12. The two groups were matched based on age, tumor location, subtype, tumor classification, presence of Epstein-Barr Virus infection (EBV), and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Significant statistical variances were identified in the mean levels of the triad of substances among cancer patients when compared to the control group for all corresponding variables. In conclusion, our study indicated that analyzing the triad of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folic acid holds diagnostic value for gastric cancer and could potentially serve as an effective screening marker for this type of cancer in the future. Full article ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 1233 KiB Open AccessArticle Predictive Factors of Therapy-Related Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Lymphoma Receiving Anthracyclines by Alberto Lopez-Garcia, Ester Macia, Sandra Gomez-Talavera, Eva Castillo, Daniel Morillo, Jose Tuñon, Borja Ibañez and Raul Cordoba Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020023 - 24 Apr 2024 Abstract Background: Cancer-therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) is a growing concern for public health, with a growing incidence due to improved survival rates of patients with hematological malignancies due to diagnostic and therapeutic advances. The identification of patients at risk for CTRCD is vital to [...] Read more. Background: Cancer-therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) is a growing concern for public health, with a growing incidence due to improved survival rates of patients with hematological malignancies due to diagnostic and therapeutic advances. The identification of patients at risk for CTRCD is vital to developing preventive strategies. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted between 1 January 2017 and 15 February 2023. Medical records of patients with lymphoma treated with first-line anthracyclines were reviewed. Demographic data, cardiovascular risk factors, biomarkers of myocardial damage, and echocardiographic information were collected. Results: A total of 200 patients were included. The incidence of CTRCD was 17.4% (35/200). Patients with CTRCD were older than those without CTRCD, with a mean age of 65.17 years vs. 56.77 (p = 0.008). Dyslipidemia (DL) (31.4% vs. 13.4% p = 0.017) and previous cardiovascular disease (40% vs. 13.3%; p < 0.001) were more frequent in the group who developed an event. Mean baseline NT-proBNP levels in the subgroup with cardiovascular events were 388.73 kg/L ± 101.02, and they were 251.518 kg/L ± 26.22 in those who did not (p = 0.004). Differences in Troponin I levels were identified during and after treatment without exceeding the laboratory’s upper reference limit. Patients were followed for a median of 51.83 months (0.76–73.49). The presence of a CTCRD event had a negative impact on overall mortality from any cause (HR = 2.23 (95% CI: 1.08–2.93); p = 0.031). Conclusions: Early identification of risk factors is crucial to manage patients at risk for CTRCD. Full article (This article belongs to the Section Cardiovascular Disease) ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 799 KiB Open AccessArticle What about the Use of Ice Cream as a Supplementary Diet in Chronic Kidney Disease? A Case–Control Study by Daniela Metro, Francesco Corallo, Davide Cardile, Guido Gembillo, Luigi Manasseri, Domenico Santoro, Martina Buda, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò and Lilla Bonanno Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020022 - 23 Apr 2024 Abstract Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can extend life expectancy and improve a person’s health status. In addition to physical activity and bad habits related to smoking and alcohol, diet is also a determining factor. Following a healthy diet pattern over time and supporting a [...] Read more. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can extend life expectancy and improve a person’s health status. In addition to physical activity and bad habits related to smoking and alcohol, diet is also a determining factor. Following a healthy diet pattern over time and supporting a healthy body weight contributes to reducing the risk of developing more severe complications associated with very common diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, or cardiovascular diseases. The 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans promote the adoption of fat-free or low-fat diets and discourage the consumption of foods with added sugar and solid fats, such as ice creams and other frozen desserts. On the other hand, ice cream, from a nutritional and healthy point of view, can be considered a possible food choice, due to its greater palatability and high nutritional content, but its consumption must be scheduled in a balanced diet. In this retrospective study, 36 patients with chronic renal failure were enrolled. Two different diets were proposed (A and B). In Diet B, lemon sorbet was added twice a week as an alternative food to replace fruit or snacks making the diet more varied and palatable. Nutritional status and biohumoral, immunological, and blood parameters were evaluated after 6 months. A statistical analysis shows a significant inter-group difference in creatinine and azotemia between T0 and T1. Intra-group significant differences were found in lymphocytes (p = 0.005) and azotemia (p < 0.001) in Diet A, and in azotemia (p < 0.001) and transferrin (p < 0.001) in Diet B. The results indicated that ice cream represented a good alternative food in both groups of patients regarding nutritional values and patient satisfaction. Furthermore, the treatment with ice cream allowed for better control of azotemia, maintaining stable levels even in patients with advanced CKD. This study concludes that ice cream could exert beneficial effects in addition to CKD patients’ dietary regimens. Full article (This article belongs to the Section Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases) ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 532 KiB Open AccessArticle Maternal Diabetes Mellitus and Neonatal Outcomes in Bisha: A Retrospective Cohort Study by Abdullah Alshomrany, Elhadi Miskeen, Jaber Alfaifi, Hassan Alshamrani and Abdulmohsen Alshahrani Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020021 - 15 Apr 2024 Abstract Background: Maternal diabetes mellitus (MDM) is associated with increased risks for adverse neonatal outcomes. However, the impact of MDM on neonatal outcomes in Bisha, a city in Saudi Arabia, is not well documented. This study aims to investigate the impact of MDM on [...] Read more. Background: Maternal diabetes mellitus (MDM) is associated with increased risks for adverse neonatal outcomes. However, the impact of MDM on neonatal outcomes in Bisha, a city in Saudi Arabia, is not well documented. This study aims to investigate the impact of MDM on neonatal outcomes in the Maternity and Children’s Hospital (MCH), Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 181 pregnant women with diabetes and their neonates who were diagnosed at the Maternity and Children’s Hospital (MCH), Bisha, Saudi Arabia, between 5 October 2020 and 5 November 2022. The primary outcome was a composite of adverse neonatal outcomes, including stillbirth, neonatal death, macrosomia, preterm birth, respiratory distress syndrome, hypoglycemia, and congenital anomalies. Logistic regression analyses were used to adjust for potential confounders. Results: The total sample size was 181. The average age of patients was 34 years (SD = 6.45). The majority of the patients were diagnosed with GDM, 147 (81.2%), and pre-GDM, 34 (18.8%). Neonates born to mothers with MDM had a higher risk of adverse neonatal outcomes compared to those born to mothers without MDM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25–1.70). The risks of macrosomia (aOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.38–2.19), LBW (aOR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.06–1.66), and RDS (aOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.28–1.93) were significantly higher among neonates born to mothers with MDM. The types of DM were statistically significant in terms of their correlation with the following neonatal outcomes: hypoglycemia (p-value = 0.017), macrosomia (p-value = 0.050), and neonatal death (p-value = 0.017). Conclusions: MDM is associated with an increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes in Bisha. The early identification and management of MDM may improve neonatal outcomes and reduce the burden of neonatal morbidity and mortality in this population. Full article (This article belongs to the Section Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases) ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 655 KiB Open AccessReview Efficacy of Sorafenib-Based Therapies for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Morgann Hendrixson, Yevgeniy Gladkiy, Anita Thyagarajan and Ravi P. Sahu Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020020 - 7 Apr 2024 Abstract Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with a poor prognosis. Of the two types, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the major and most prevalent type and associated with low response rates to the current treatment options. Sorafenib, a multitargeted [...] Read more. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with a poor prognosis. Of the two types, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the major and most prevalent type and associated with low response rates to the current treatment options. Sorafenib, a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for various malignancies, gained attention for its potential efficacy in NSCLC. This review paper focuses on the findings of recent in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies regarding the efficacy of sorafenib. Overall, sorafenib has shown definitive therapeutic potential in NSCLC cell lines, xenografts, and human subjects. Novel approaches to sorafenib delivery may improve its efficacy and should be the focus of further studies. Full article (This article belongs to the Section Cancer and Cancer-Related Research) ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 4647 KiB Open AccessArticle Automated Single-Sperm Selection Software (SiD) during ICSI: A Prospective Sibling Oocyte Evaluation by Debbie Montjean, Marie-Hélène Godin Pagé, Carmen Pacios, Annabelle Calvé, Ghenima Hamiche, Moncef Benkhalifa and Pierre Miron Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020019 - 27 Mar 2024 Abstract The computer-assisted program SiD was developed to assess and select sperm in real time based on motility characteristics. To date, there are limited studies examining the correlation between AI-assisted sperm selection and ICSI outcomes. To address this limit, a total of 646 sibling [...] Read more. The computer-assisted program SiD was developed to assess and select sperm in real time based on motility characteristics. To date, there are limited studies examining the correlation between AI-assisted sperm selection and ICSI outcomes. To address this limit, a total of 646 sibling MII oocytes were randomly divided into two groups as follows: the ICSI group (n = 320): ICSI performed with sperm selected by the embryologist and the ICSI-SiD group (n = 326): ICSI performed with sperm selected using SiD software. Our results show a non-significant trend towards improved outcomes in the ICSI-SiD group across various biological parameters, including fertilization, cleavage, day 3 embryo development, blastocyst development, and quality on day 5. Similarly, we observed a non-significant increase in these outcomes when comparing both groups with sperm selection performed by a junior embryologist. Embryo development was monitored using a timelapse system. Some fertilization events happen significantly earlier when SiD is used for ICSI, but no significant difference was observed in the ICSI-SiD group for other timepoints. We observed comparable cumulative early and clinical pregnancy rates after ICSI-SiD. This preliminary investigation illustrated that employing the automated sperm selection software SiD leads to comparable biological outcomes, suggesting its efficacy in sperm selection. Full article ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 1202 KiB Open AccessArticle Analysis of Endocrine and Inflammatory Markers in Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry by Fabíola Ramos Jesus, Anna Clara Santiago Moraes, Ingrid Lorena Neves da Silva, Fabine Correia Passos, Cristina Salles, Margarida Célia Lima Costa Neves and Gyselle Chrystina Baccan Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020018 - 27 Mar 2024 Cited by 2 Abstract Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease of the lungs characterized by chronic airflow obstruction. Individuals with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) may be at risk for developing COPD. This study aimed to characterize PRISm and COPD patients in terms of their [...] Read more. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease of the lungs characterized by chronic airflow obstruction. Individuals with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) may be at risk for developing COPD. This study aimed to characterize PRISm and COPD patients in terms of their immune response and endocrine profile to identify differences extending beyond lung function. The participants performed the clinical assessment, pulmonary function test, and blood collection to determine serum hormone levels and concentrations of cytokine. Differences were observed in the nutritional status, lung function, and comorbidity. There were no differences in IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF levels between PRISm and COPD groups. Both PRISm and COPD patients have lower dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) levels than controls. Correlation analysis of PRISm and COPD patients revealed positive correlations between serum levels of DHEA-S and DHEA, with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC), which negatively correlated with IL-8 levels. The results indicated that despite differences in lung function parameters, the PRISm and COPD groups exhibited similarities in endocrine profile alterations. This study represents the first attempt to link endocrine with immune markers and lung function in individuals with PRISm. Full article (This article belongs to the Section Pneumology and Respiratory Diseases) ►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

attachment Supplementary material: Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 30974 KiB) 9 pages, 607 KiB Open AccessArticle Exploring Brain and Heart Interactions during Electroconvulsive Therapy with Point-of-Care Ultrasound by Marvin G. Chang, Tracy A. Barbour and Edward A. Bittner Med. Sci. 2024, 12(2), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12020017 - 22 Mar 2024 Abstract Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a procedure commonly used to treat a number of severe psychiatric disorders, including pharmacologic refractory depression, mania, and catatonia by purposefully inducing a generalized seizure that results in significant hemodynamic changes as a result of an initial transient [...] Read more. Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a procedure commonly used to treat a number of severe psychiatric disorders, including pharmacologic refractory depression, mania, and catatonia by purposefully inducing a generalized seizure that results in significant hemodynamic changes as a result of an initial transient parasympathetic response that is followed by a marked sympathetic response from a surge in catecholamine release. While the physiologic response of ECT on classic hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure has been described in the literature, real-time visualization of cardiac function using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) during ECT has never been reported. This study utilizes POCUS to examine cardiac function in two patients with different ages and cardiovascular risk profiles undergoing ECT. Methods: Two patients, a 74-year-old male with significant cardiovascular risks and a 23-year-old female with no significant cardiovascular risks presenting for ECT treatment, were included in this study. A portable ultrasound device was used to obtain apical four-chamber images of the heart before ECT stimulation, after seizure induction, and 2 min after seizure resolution to assess qualitative cardiac function. Two physicians with expertise in echocardiography reviewed the studies. Hemodynamic parameters, ECT settings, and seizure duration were recorded. Results: Cardiac standstill was observed in both patients during ECT stimulation. The 74-year-old patient with a significant cardiovascular risk profile exhibited a transient decline in cardiac function during ECT, while the 23-year-old patient showed no substantial worsening of cardiac function. These findings suggest that age and pre-existing cardiovascular conditions may influence the cardiac response to ECT. Other potential contributing factors to the cardiac effects of ECT include the parasympathetic and sympathetic responses, medication regimen, and seizure duration with ECT. This study also demonstrates the feasibility of using portable POCUS for real-time cardiac monitoring during ECT. Conclusion: This study reports for the first time cardiac standstill during ECT stimulation visualized using POCUS imaging. In addition, it reports on the potential differential impact of ECT on cardiac function based on patient-specific factors such as age and cardiovascular risks that may have implications for ECT and perioperative anesthetic management and optimization. Full article (This article belongs to the Section Cardiovascular Disease) ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 1025 KiB Open AccessReview Pituitary Adenoma in the Philippines: A Scoping Review on the Treatment Gaps, Challenges, and Current State of Care by Mykha Marie B. Tabuzo, Mary Angeline Luz U. Hernandez, Annabell E. Chua, Patricia D. Maningat, Harold Henrison C. Chiu and Roland Dominic G. Jamora Med. Sci. 2024, 12(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12010016 - 19 Mar 2024 Abstract Background: Pituitary adenomas are benign brain tumors that impose a heavy burden on patients worldwide. The local burden of disease is yet to be established due to scarcity of data. In line with this, this study aims to present the challenges and gaps [...] Read more. Background: Pituitary adenomas are benign brain tumors that impose a heavy burden on patients worldwide. The local burden of disease is yet to be established due to scarcity of data. In line with this, this study aims to present the challenges and gaps in the treatment of pituitary adenomas in the Philippines. Methods: A scoping review of available relevant literature on epidemiology, clinical experience with treatment, health financing, and healthcare delivery system based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines extension for Scoping Reviews was conducted. Results: The scarcity of updated local clinical data, inequity of distribution of resources, inadequate government support, and lack of affordable diagnostic testing, medications, and neurosurgical procedures are the factors that hinder provision of adequate care of pituitary adenomas in the Philippines. Conclusion: There are notable treatment gaps in the management of pituitary adenomas in the Philippines, which may be addressed by strengthening universal healthcare. Strategies to address these gaps were proposed, including improving public-private insurance coverage, increasing manpower, enhancing accessibility to resources, and spreading more awareness. Full article (This article belongs to the Section Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases) ►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

12 pages, 870 KiB Open AccessArticle Survival Analysis of Male Patients with Brain Metastases at Initial Breast Cancer Diagnosis over the Last Decade by Jorge Avila, Julieta Leone, Carlos T. Vallejo and José P. Leone Med. Sci. 2024, 12(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12010015 - 10 Mar 2024 Abstract Breast cancer in men represents approximately 1% of all breast cancer diagnoses. Among all patients with breast cancer, approximately 30% will develop brain metastases. Over the past decade, there have been multiple advances in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer; however, long-term outcomes [...] Read more. Breast cancer in men represents approximately 1% of all breast cancer diagnoses. Among all patients with breast cancer, approximately 30% will develop brain metastases. Over the past decade, there have been multiple advances in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer; however, long-term outcomes of this presentation in male patients are lacking. We evaluated male patients with de novo stage IV breast cancer using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2019. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and differences between groups were compared using log rank tests. In total, 22 male patients with brain metastases at initial breast cancer diagnosis were included. Patients with HR-positive/HER2-negative tumors had the longest OS (median 13 months). Factors associated with shorter overall survival were advanced age, unmarried marital status, lower household income, and grade III disease, among others. Brain metastases remains an unmet medical need for patients with breast cancer; the development of new drugs may provide an improvement in overall survival for male patients in the future. Full article (This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Tumors Metastasis: New Insight into Role of Immune Microenvironment) ►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

attachment Supplementary material: Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 707 KiB) 12 pages, 293 KiB Open AccessArticle Immunogenetic Background of Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorders in Romanian Patients—Case Control Study by Maria Tizu, Bogdan Calenic, Ion Maruntelu, Andreea Mirela Caragea, Adriana Talangescu, Larisa Ursu, Corina Rotarescu, Mariana Surugiu, Alexandra Elena Constantinescu and Ileana Constantinescu Med. Sci. 2024, 12(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12010014 - 23 Feb 2024 Abstract Background and Objectives: The implications of the genetic component in the initiation and development of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders have been the subject of intense research efforts. Some of the most important genes involved in the occurrence and evolution of these pathologies are the [...] Read more. Background and Objectives: The implications of the genetic component in the initiation and development of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders have been the subject of intense research efforts. Some of the most important genes involved in the occurrence and evolution of these pathologies are the HLA genes. The aim of this study is to analyze, for the first time, possible associations between chronic lymphoproliferative diseases and certain HLA alleles in the Romanian population. Materials and Methods: This study included 38 patients with chronic lymphoproliferative disorders, diagnosed between 2021 and 2022 at Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania, and 50 healthy controls. HLA class I and class II genes (HLA-A/B/C, HLA-DQB1/DPB1/DRB1) were investigated by doing high resolution genotyping using sequence specific primers (SSP). Results: Several HLA alleles were strongly associated with chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. The most important finding was that the HLA-C*02:02 (p = 0.002, OR = 1.101), and HLA-C*12:02 (p = 0.002, OR = 1.101) have a predisposing role in the development of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. Moreover, we identified that HLA-A*11:01 (p = 0.01, OR = 0.16), HLA-B*35:02 (p = 0.037, OR = 0.94), HLA-B*81:01 (p = 0.037, OR = 0.94), HLA-C*07:02 (p = 0.036, OR = 0.34), HLA-DRB1*11:01 (p = 0.021, OR = 0.19), and HLA-DRB1*13:02 (p = 0.037, OR = 0.94), alleles have protective roles. Conclusions: Our study indicates that HLA-C*02:02 and HLA-C*12:02 are positively associated with chronic lymphoproliferative disorders for our Romanian patients while HLA-DRB1*11:01, HLA-DRB1*13:02, and HLA-B*35:02 alleles have a protective role against these diseases. Full article 7 pages, 215 KiB Open AccessBrief Report Association of Cannabis Use Disorder with Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events in Older Non-Tobacco Users: A Population-Based Analysis by Avilash Mondal, Sriharsha Dadana, Poojan Parmar, Maneeth Mylavarapu, Qiming Dong, Samia Rauf Butt, Abeera Kali, Bhaswanth Bollu and Rupak Desai Med. Sci. 2024, 12(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12010013 - 19 Feb 2024 Abstract Background: Tobacco use disorder (TUD) adversely impacts older patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, CVD risk in chronic habitual cannabis users without the confounding impact of TUD hasn’t been explored. We aimed to determine the risk of major adverse cardiac and [...] Read more. Background: Tobacco use disorder (TUD) adversely impacts older patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, CVD risk in chronic habitual cannabis users without the confounding impact of TUD hasn’t been explored. We aimed to determine the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in older non-tobacco smokers with established CVD risk with vs. without cannabis use disorder (CUD). Methods: We queried the 2019 National Inpatient Sample for hospitalized non-tobacco smokers with established traditional CVD risk factors aged ≥65 years. Relevant ICD-10 codes were used to identify patients with vs. without CUD. Using multivariable logistic regression, we evaluated the odds of MACCE in CUD cohorts compared to non-CUD cohorts. Results: Prevalence of CUD in the sample was 0.3% (28,535/10,708,815, median age 69), predominantly male, black, and non-electively admitted from urban teaching hospitals. Of the older patients with CVD risk with CUD, 13.9% reported MACCE. The CUD cohort reported higher odds of MACCE (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.11–1.29, p < 0.001) compared to the non-CUD cohort. Comorbidities such as hypertension (OR 1.9) and hyperlipidemia (OR 1.3) predicted a higher risk of MACCE in the CUD cohort. The CUD cohort also had higher unadjusted rates of acute myocardial infarction (7.6% vs. 6%) and stroke (5.2% vs. 4.8%). Conclusions: Among older non tobacco smokers with known CVD risk, chronic cannabis use had a 20% higher likelihood of MACCE compared to those who did not use cannabis. Full article More Articles...

Submit to Medical Sciences Review for Medical Sciences Share Journal Menu ► ▼ Journal Menu Medical Sciences Home Aims & Scope Editorial Board Reviewer Board Instructions for Authors Special Issues Topics Sections & Collections Article Processing Charge Indexing & Archiving Most Cited & Viewed Journal Statistics Journal History Journal Awards Editorial Office Journal Browser ► ▼ Journal Browser arrow_forward_ios Forthcoming issue arrow_forward_ios Current issue Vol. 12 (2024) Vol. 11 (2023) Vol. 10 (2022) Vol. 9 (2021) Vol. 8 (2020) Vol. 7 (2019) Vol. 6 (2018) Vol. 5 (2017) Vol. 4 (2016) Vol. 3 (2015) Vol. 2 (2014) Vol. 1 (2013) Highly Accessed Articles View More... Latest Books

More Books and Reprints... E-Mail Alert News 10 July 2024 MDPI's Newly Launched Journals in June 2024 20 June 2024 2023 Impact Factors for MDPI Journals Released

7 June 2024 MDPI Calls for Greater Open Access to Science for Ocean Protection More News & Announcements... Topics Propose a Topic loading...

Conferences Announce Your Conference More Conferences... Special Issues Propose a Special Issue Special Issue in Medical Sciences The Cellular Impact of Lysosomal Storage Disorders Guest Editors: Olga Amaral, Ana Joana Duarte, M Rosário RodriguesDeadline: 26 July 2024 Special Issue in Medical Sciences Gynecologic Oncology – Old Controversies and New Strategies Guest Editor: Rüdiger KlapdorDeadline: 15 October 2024 Special Issue in Medical Sciences Drug Repurposing in Cancer Treatment and Impacting the Efficacy of Therapeutic Agents Guest Editor: Ravi P. SahuDeadline: 31 October 2024 Special Issue in Medical Sciences Worsening Renal Function in Acute Heart Failure Guest Editor: Makoto TakeiDeadline: 13 December 2024 More Special Issues Topical Collections Topical Collection in Medical Sciences Advances in Skin Wound Healing Collection Editors: Heiko Sorg, Daniel J. Tilkorn Topical Collection in Medical Sciences Advances in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases Collection Editor: Maria Liguori Med. Sci., EISSN 2076-3271, Published by MDPI RSS Content Alert Further Information Article Processing Charges Pay an Invoice Open Access Policy Contact MDPI Jobs at MDPI Guidelines For Authors For Reviewers For Editors For Librarians For Publishers For Societies For Conference Organizers MDPI Initiatives Sciforum MDPI Books Preprints.org Scilit SciProfiles Encyclopedia JAMS Proceedings Series Follow MDPI LinkedIn Facebook Twitter

© 1996-2024 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland) unless otherwise stated Disclaimer Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. Terms and Conditions Privacy Policy We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. Read more about our cookies here. Accept Share Link Copy clear Share https://www.mdpi.com/journal/medsci clear Back to TopTop

【本文地址】

公司简介

联系我们